USNCO Exams - Reference Page
Below is the standard information that is provided as reference for all USNCO exams. No additional information may be accessed while taking any USNCO exam.
Abbreviations and Symbols
| Full Name | Abbreviation/Symbol |
|---|---|
| amount of substance | n |
| ampere | A |
| atmosphere | atm |
| atomic mass unit | u |
| Avogadro constant | NA |
| Celsius temperature | °C |
| centi– prefix | c |
| coulomb | C |
| density | d |
| electromotive force | E |
| energy of activation | Ea |
| enthalpy | H |
| entropy | S |
| equilibrium constant | K |
| Faraday constant | F |
| free energy | G |
| frequency | ν |
| gas constant | R |
| gram | g |
| hour | h |
| joule | J |
| kelvin | K |
| kilo– prefix | k |
| liter | L |
| measure of pressure | mm Hg |
| milli– prefix | m |
| molal | m |
| molar | M |
| molar mass | M |
| mole | mol |
| Planck’s constant | h |
| pressure | P |
| rate constant | k |
| reaction quotient | Q |
| second | s |
| speed of light | c |
| temperature, K | T |
| time | t |
| vapor pressure | VP |
| volt | V |
| volume | V |
| year | y |
Constants
R = 8.314 J mol–1 K–1
R = 0.08314 L bar mol–1 K–1
F = 96,500 C mol–1
F = 96,500 J V–1 mol–1
NA = 6.022 x 1023 mol–1
h = 6.626 x 10–34 J s
c = 2.998 x 108 m s–1
0 °C = 273.15 K
1 atm = 1.013 bar = 760 mm Hg
Specific heat capacity of H2O = 4.184 J g–1 K–1
Equations
E = Eo — (RT/nF) x lnQ
lnK = (—ΔHo/R) x (1/T) + constant
ln(k2/k1) = (Ea/R) x ((1/T1) — (1/T2))
Periodic Table of the Elements
Thank you to the Olympiad Examinations Task Force
- Seth N. Brown, Chair, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
- James Ayers, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO
- Jerry Bell, Simmons University, Boston, MA (retired)
- Mark DeCamp, University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI (retired)
- James Dohm, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Xu Duan, Holton-Arms School, Bethesda, MD
- Valerie Ferguson, Moore HS, Moore, OK
- Julie Furstenau, Thomas B. Doherty HS, Colorado Springs, CO (retired)
- Kimberly Gardner, United States Air Force Academy, CO
- Paul Groves, South Pasadena HS, South Pasadena, CA
- Nicolas Hamel, Clackamas Community College, Oregon City, OR
- David W. Hostage, Taft School, Watertown, CT
- John Kotz, State University of New York, Oneonta, NY (retired)
- Sarah Leite, Hopkins School, New Have, CT
- Michael A. Morgan, Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet HS, Los Angeles, CA
- Jane Nagurney, Scranton Preparatory School, Scranton, PA (retired)
- Sheila Nguyen, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA
Thank you to the Olympiad Laboratory Practical Task Force
- Kelli Slunt, Chair, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA
- Payton Bailey, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA
- Jesse Bernstein, Miami Country Day School, Miami FL (retired)
- Alexsandra DaSilva, SUNY, Binghamton, NY
- Myra Halpin, NC School of Science & Mathematics, Durham, NC (retired)
- Nicolas Hamel, Clackamas Community College, Oregon City, OR
- Innocent Pumure, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO
- Lawrence Wilkinson, ExxonMobil, Baton Rouge, LA
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