USNCO Exams - Reference Page
Below is the standard information that is provided as reference for all USNCO exams. No additional information may be accessed while taking any USNCO exam.
Abbreviations and Symbols
Full Name | Abbreviation/Symbol |
---|---|
amount of substance | n |
ampere | A |
atmosphere | atm |
atomic mass unit | u |
Avogadro constant | NA |
Celsius temperature | °C |
centi– prefix | c |
coulomb | C |
density | d |
electromotive force | E |
energy of activation | Ea |
enthalpy | H |
entropy | S |
equilibrium constant | K |
Faraday constant | F |
free energy | G |
frequency | ν |
gas constant | R |
gram | g |
hour | h |
joule | J |
kelvin | K |
kilo– prefix | k |
liter | L |
measure of pressure | mm Hg |
milli– prefix | m |
molal | m |
molar | M |
molar mass | M |
mole | mol |
Planck’s constant | h |
pressure | P |
rate constant | k |
reaction quotient | Q |
second | s |
speed of light | c |
temperature, K | T |
time | t |
vapor pressure | VP |
volt | V |
volume | V |
year | y |
Constants
R = 8.314 J mol–1 K–1
R = 0.08314 L bar mol–1 K–1
F = 96,500 C mol–1
F = 96,500 J V–1 mol–1
NA = 6.022 x 1023 mol–1
h = 6.626 x 10–34 J s
c = 2.998 x 108 m s–1
0 °C = 273.15 K
1 atm = 1.013 bar = 760 mm Hg
Specific heat capacity of H2O = 4.184 J g–1 K–1
Equations
E = Eo — (RT/nF) x lnQ
lnK = (—ΔHo/R) x (1/T) + constant
ln(k2/k1) = (Ea/R) x ((1/T1) — (1/T2))
Periodic Table of the Elements
Thank you to the Olympiad Examinations Task Force
- Seth N. Brown, Chair, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN
- James Ayers, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO
- Jerry Bell, Simmons University, Boston, MA (retired)
- Mark DeCamp, University of Michigan, Dearborn, MI (retired)
- James Dohm, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Xu Duan, Holton-Arms School, Bethesda, MD
- Valerie Ferguson, Moore HS, Moore, OK
- Julie Furstenau, Thomas B. Doherty HS, Colorado Springs, CO (retired)
- Kimberly Gardner, United States Air Force Academy, CO
- Paul Groves, South Pasadena HS, South Pasadena, CA
- Nicolas Hamel, Clackamas Community College, Oregon City, OR
- David W. Hostage, Taft School, Watertown, CT
- John Kotz, State University of New York, Oneonta, NY (retired)
- Sarah Leite, Hopkins School, New Have, CT
- Michael A. Morgan, Francisco Bravo Medical Magnet HS, Los Angeles, CA
- Jane Nagurney, Scranton Preparatory School, Scranton, PA (retired)
- Sheila Nguyen, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA
Thank you to the Olympiad Laboratory Practical Task Force
- Kelli Slunt, Chair, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA
- Payton Bailey, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, VA
- Jesse Bernstein, Miami Country Day School, Miami FL (retired)
- Alexsandra DaSilva, SUNY, Binghamton, NY
- Myra Halpin, NC School of Science & Mathematics, Durham, NC (retired)
- Nicolas Hamel, Clackamas Community College, Oregon City, OR
- Innocent Pumure, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO
- Lawrence Wilkinson, ExxonMobil, Baton Rouge, LA