Week 47

Week 47: Nov. 19 – 25 (Archive)

• Mikhail V. Lomonosov, born 1711, suggested law of conservation of mass and theory of heat as a form of motion; opposed phlogistic chemistry; first to record freezing of mercury (Hg, 80).
• James B. Sumner, born 1887, researcher on enzymes and proteins; crystallized urease and showed it to be a protein (1926); Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1946).
• Yuan T. Lee, born 1936, used specially designed mass spectrometer that could separate and identify reaction products; Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1986).

• James B. Collip, born 1892, produced insulin in a form which permitted clinical use.

• Born in 1824, Hieronymus T. Richter, codiscoverer of indium (In, 49) with Ferdinand Reich in 1863.

• Dmitri I. Mendeleev stated that gallium (Ga, 31) is identical to eka-aluminum, 1875.
• The Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, TX, announced that its scientists had perfected a process to extract water and oxygen from moon soil, 1970.

• Born in 1837, Johannes D. van der Waals proposed an equation of state for gases (van der Waals equation); researcher on intermolecular attraction (van der Waals forces), electrolytic dissociation and capillarity.
• Born in 1887, Henry G. J. Moseley discovered that X-ray frequency is related to atomic number of elements in 1913. Died in World War I.
• Campbell Soup Co. incorporated, 1922.

• The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin was published by Oxford University Press in 1859.

• Julius R. von Mayer, born 1814, discovered law of conservation of energy.