Aniline—phenylamine or aminobenzene—smells like decaying fish and is a severe neurotoxin. But it’s also a very useful chemical building block, especially in dye chemistry. Aniline was isolated from indigo by O. Unverdorben in 1826 and from coal tar by F. Runge in 1834. C. J. Fritzsche synthesized and named it in 1841. New uses for aniline include the preparation of flexible electrodes for supercapacitors from graphene–polyaniline composites.
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